C165 Integrated Physical Sciences - Set 1 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Amount of sunlight

The independent variable is the one that is manipulated in the experiment, and in this case, it is the amount of sunlight. The other factors (e.g., plant height, soil type) are either dependent variables or constants.

Correct Answer: Mathematical model

A mathematical model uses equations and mathematical representations to describe systems or predict outcomes, which is being used in this case.

Correct Answer: It allows you to change only one variable at a time

Laboratory experiments give more control over variables, allowing only one variable to be manipulated at a time, which helps determine the cause-and-effect relationship.

Correct Answer: Earth Science

Earth Science focuses on studying the Earth’s structure, including tectonic plates, making it the correct choice here.

Correct Answer: It traps heat, raising Earth’s temperature

The greenhouse effect involves gases in the atmosphere trapping heat, which warms the planet.

Correct Answer: Chemistry

Chemistry studies the interactions between atoms and molecules, including how they form chemical bonds.

Correct Answer: Kilogram

A kilogram is a base unit in the SI system, whereas the other options are derived units.

Correct Answer: An observational study

An observational study involves collecting data without manipulating the environment or conditions, which fits the description of sending a probe to an asteroid.

Correct Answer: Earth Science

Earth Science covers the study of atmospheric phenomena, including daily temperature changes.

Correct Answer: It is where most weather occurs

The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth’s atmosphere and is where almost all weather events take place.

Correct Answer: They trap heat

Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to the warming of the planet.

Correct Answer: Methane

Methane, a greenhouse gas, absorbs infrared radiation and plays a role in trapping heat within the atmosphere.

Correct Answer: It is located along a transform plate boundary

San Francisco is located near the San Andreas Fault, which is a transform boundary where plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes.

Correct Answer: Acceleration decreases as mass increases

Newton's Second Law states that acceleration is inversely proportional to mass when the same force is applied.

Correct Answer: It decreases

The gravitational force between two objects decreases with the square of the distance between them.

Correct Answer: Stratosphere

The ozone layer, which protects Earth from harmful UV rays, is located in the stratosphere.

Correct Answer: Kilogram

The kilogram is the SI base unit used to measure mass.

Correct Answer: Seconds

The SI unit for time is seconds, which is the standard for measuring time in scientific contexts.

Correct Answer: Evaporation

Evaporation is the process in which water absorbs heat and changes from liquid to vapor, adding moisture to the atmosphere.

Correct Answer: Tornado

Tornadoes are the most violent storms, with high wind speeds and rapid destruction.