C165 Integrated Physical Sciences - Set 4 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Ionic bond

An ionic bond is formed when a metal donates electrons to a nonmetal, resulting in a bond between oppositely charged ions.

Correct Answer: Newton's First Law

Newton's First Law, also called the law of inertia, states that an object will remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by an external force.

Correct Answer: Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a significant greenhouse gas that traps heat in Earth’s atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect.

Correct Answer: Physical weathering

Physical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks through physical processes such as freezing, thawing, and abrasion.

Correct Answer: Melting

Melting is the process where a solid turns into a liquid when heat is applied.

Correct Answer: Stratosphere

The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which absorbs most of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation.

Correct Answer: Chemical energy

Chemical energy is stored in the bonds between atoms in a substance and is released during chemical reactions.

Correct Answer: Erosion

Erosion is the process by which weathered material is transported from one location to another by wind, water, or ice.

Correct Answer: Oxygen

Oxygen is required for combustion because it reacts with fuel to release energy in the form of heat and light.

Correct Answer: As temperature increases, kinetic energy increases

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. Higher temperatures correspond to more energetic particles.

Correct Answer: A warm front forms

A warm front forms when a warm air mass moves over a cold air mass, often bringing steady precipitation.

Correct Answer: Oxygen

Oxygen is not a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide, trap heat in Earth’s atmosphere.

Correct Answer: The sun

Solar energy drives wind and weather patterns by heating Earth's surface, causing air movement and the water cycle.

Correct Answer: Chemical energy

Chemical energy is released during a chemical reaction when bonds between atoms are formed or broken.

Correct Answer: The force decreases

According to the law of universal gravitation, the gravitational force between two objects decreases with the square of the distance between them.

Correct Answer: Condensation

Condensation occurs when water vapor cools and changes into liquid water, forming clouds in the atmosphere.

Correct Answer: Sedimentary rock

Sedimentary rocks form when particles of sediment are compacted and cemented together over time.

Correct Answer: Electron

Electrons, particularly valence electrons in the outermost shell, are responsible for the chemical behavior of an atom.

Correct Answer: Newton

Force is measured in newtons (N) in the SI system, where one newton is the force required to accelerate a 1 kg mass by 1 m/s².

Correct Answer: Tectonic plate collision

Mountain ranges are formed at convergent boundaries where tectonic plates collide and the Earth's crust is pushed upward.