C458 Healthcare Management - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Smooth muscle

Smooth muscle, also known as visceral muscle, is found in the walls of internal organs and operates involuntarily, unlike skeletal muscle, which is under voluntary control.

Correct Answer: Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is essential for red blood cell formation and neurological health, unlike vitamins C, D, or K, which serve different roles in the body.

Correct Answer: Control and coordinate bodily functions

The central nervous system, consisting of the brain and spinal cord, is responsible for managing bodily functions, distinguishing its role from that of other systems.

Correct Answer: Tendon

Tendons connect muscles to bones, enabling movement, whereas ligaments connect bones to each other and cartilage provides cushioning in joints.

Correct Answer: Stage 1 Non-REM sleep

Stage 1 Non-REM sleep is the initial transition phase between wakefulness and sleep, a lighter stage compared to deeper stages like Stage 3.

Correct Answer: Empathy

Empathy involves understanding and sharing others' feelings, differing from sympathy, which is feeling compassion or sorrow for someone.

Correct Answer: Refined carbohydrates

Refined carbohydrates offer immediate energy but are low in nutrients and fibre, unlike complex carbohydrates, which provide sustained energy and more nutrients.

Correct Answer: Uterus

The uterus provides a protective environment for a developing fetus, unlike the ovaries or fallopian tubes, which play different reproductive roles.

Correct Answer: Iron

Iron is a key component of haemoglobin in red blood cells, facilitating oxygen transport, distinguishing it from other minerals that play different roles.

Correct Answer: Vitamin A

Vitamin A is critical for maintaining vision and a strong immune system, unlike other vitamins which have separate primary functions.

Correct Answer: REM sleep

REM sleep is marked by rapid eye movements and dreaming, distinguishing it from the deeper, dreamless stages of Non-REM sleep.

Correct Answer: Aid in digestion

Dietary fibre promotes healthy digestion by aiding bowel movements and preventing constipation, unlike other nutrients focused on energy or muscle repair.

Correct Answer: Stimulant

Stimulants increase alertness and energy levels, in contrast to depressants, which have a calming effect on the central nervous system.

Correct Answer: Produce saliva to aid in carbohydrate digestion

Salivary glands produce saliva, which contains enzymes that initiate carbohydrate digestion, setting them apart from glands that produce bile or acid.

Correct Answer: Healthy relationship

A healthy relationship is based on respect, honesty, and trust, distinguishing it from unhealthy or superficial relationships.

Correct Answer: Circadian rhythm

Circadian rhythm is the body’s natural 24-hour cycle regulating sleep and wakefulness, which is distinct from sleep-wake homeostasis, which balances sleep needs.

Correct Answer: Protein

Protein is essential for muscle growth and repair, providing the necessary amino acids, unlike carbohydrates or fats which primarily provide energy.

Correct Answer: Diabetes

Diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose due to insulin issues, setting it apart from other conditions involving blood pressure or cholesterol.

Correct Answer: Vegan

A vegan diet excludes all animal products, unlike lacto-vegetarians who consume dairy, or pescatarians who include fish.

Correct Answer: Small intestine

The small intestine is where most nutrients are absorbed, distinguishing it from the stomach, which is primarily involved in digestion rather than absorption.