D199 Introduction to Physical and Human Geography - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Maps that exaggerate or distort areas based on specific variables

Cartograms are thematic maps that distort geographic areas to emphasize a specific variable, such as population or economic output.

Correct Answer: Data that cannot be tied to a specific geographic location

Non-spatial data refers to information that does not have a geographic component, meaning it cannot be linked to a specific place on Earth.

Correct Answer: Global Positioning System (GPS)

GPS uses a network of orbiting satellites to collect location information and provide real-time geographic data.

Correct Answer: To capture information about the Earth's surface from a distance

Remote sensing is the process of collecting data about Earth's surface without making physical contact, typically using satellites or aircraft.

Correct Answer: Geographic Information System

GIS stands for Geographic Information System, a technology that integrates spatial and non-spatial data for analyzing and visualizing geographic information.

Correct Answer: A state divided into smaller units with some independent authority

In a federal state, power is shared between a central government and smaller political units, such as states or provinces.

Correct Answer: Switzerland

Switzerland is landlocked, meaning it has no direct access to a sea or ocean, unlike coastal countries such as Japan or Australia.

Correct Answer: Physical boundary

Physical boundaries are based on natural features like rivers, mountains, and deserts, separating different territories or regions.

Correct Answer: Sovereignty

Sovereignty refers to a state's ability to govern itself without interference from outside powers.

Correct Answer: Poland

Poland is an example of a compact state, where the distance from the center to any boundary is relatively equal.

Correct Answer: Secondary Economic Activity

Secondary economic activities include manufacturing and construction, where raw materials are transformed into finished goods.

Correct Answer: Tertiary Sector

The tertiary sector involves providing services to individuals and businesses, including healthcare, education, and retail.

Correct Answer: A state with scattered territory separated by water or other states

A fragmented state consists of several separated territories, often islands or regions divided by water or land.

Correct Answer: Diffusion

Diffusion is the process by which innovations, ideas, or cultural practices spread across geographic areas.

Correct Answer: Heartland Theory

The Heartland Theory, proposed by Halford Mackinder, argues that control of the central area of Eurasia (Eastern Europe) could lead to global dominance.

Correct Answer: The coastal and peripheral areas of a region

The Rimland Theory emphasizes the importance of coastal regions in geopolitics, contrasting the Heartland Theory.

Correct Answer: Quaternary Sector

The Quaternary Sector involves activities related to knowledge, research, development, and information processing.

Correct Answer: To divide water bodies between countries

A maritime boundary defines the division of oceans, seas, or other bodies of water between countries for purposes such as fishing rights or resource exploration.

Correct Answer: Coal mining

Primary economic activities involve extracting raw materials from the Earth, such as mining, farming, or fishing.

Correct Answer: The movement of people to cities for economic opportunities

Urbanization is driven by the movement of people from rural areas to cities in search of jobs and better living conditions.