D265 Critical Thinking: Reason and Evidence - Set 1 - Part 1

Test your knowledge of technical writing concepts with these practice questions. Each question includes detailed explanations to help you understand the correct answers.

Question 1: A hiker claims that Big Foot is real. When asked for evidence of Big Foot's existence, the hiker replies, "prove Big Foot is not real." Which fallacy is demonstrated here?

Ad hominem

Burden of proof fallacy

Strawman fallacy

Red herring fallacy

Question 2: A student assumes that all freshmen at their university support the tuition increase because all the freshmen they surveyed do. What is the logical flaw in this reasoning?

False dilemma

Selection bias

Hasty generalization

Post hoc fallacy

Question 3: A news outlet issues a correction and an apology for incorrect information it published. What does this action suggest about the credibility of the news outlet?

The outlet lacks credibility

The outlet is unconcerned with accuracy

The outlet appears credible

The outlet has no editorial standards

Question 4: What logical concept is illustrated by the statement, "People should pay their taxes because paying taxes is the right thing to do"?

False cause

Begging the question

Slippery slope

Ad hominem

Question 5: If Bo is kind, then Bo is wealthy. Bo is wealthy. Therefore, Bo is kind. What type of logic error is being made?

Affirming the consequent

Denying the antecedent

Appeal to authority

Ad hominem

Question 6: A person argues that since magicians can pull rabbits out of hats, magic is real. Which two propositions are being conjoined in this argument?

Magicians perform tricks; therefore, magic is real

If magicians can pull rabbits out of hats, then magic is real

Magic cannot be real

Magicians can pull rabbits out of hats

Question 7: A student consistently submits high-quality work in a class and concludes that the teacher is excellent. What is the unstated assumption in this argument?

Students who work hard get good grades

A teacher is good if they give good grades

The course material is easy

All students in the class perform well

Question 8: Which term describes the following argument: "All bears are wild. Smokey is a bear. Therefore, Smokey is wild"?

Inductive

Deductive

Fallacious

Invalid

Question 9: An individual concludes that because they have seen the sun rise every day for years, the sun will rise again tomorrow. Which term describes this argument?

Fallacy

Deductive

Inductive

Invalid

Question 10: A soccer fan believes that a player’s poor performance was caused by buying a jersey with their name on it. What fallacy does this represent?

Slippery slope

Post hoc, ergo propter hoc

Strawman

False dilemma

Question 11: A teacher decides to implement a system where each student is accountable for their part of the group project. What management technique is this similar to?

Micromanagement

Performance management

Participative management

Task management

Question 12: Which cognitive bias is demonstrated when a person, after reading about a car accident, believes they are more likely to be involved in one?

Confirmation bias

Availability bias

Selection bias

Anchoring bias

Question 13: A student chooses to rely on one specific source for a research project, dismissing all others. Which concept does this illustrate?

Selection bias

Confirmation bias

Availability bias

Appeal to ignorance

Question 14: A person argues that all fast food restaurants are unhealthy because they visited two that served greasy food. Which fallacy best describes this reasoning?

False dilemma

Ad hominem

Hasty generalization

Red herring

Question 15: A person refuses to accept evidence of extraterrestrial life because they do not believe in it. Which cognitive bias is being demonstrated?

Anchoring bias

Confirmation bias

Availability bias

Selection bias

Question 16: A manager decides to implement a new training program to improve team performance. What management strategy is this most similar to?

Participative management

Performance management

Task management

Micromanagement

Question 17: When a student reads an internet article with a headline that says, "This is NOT a hoax!" what reasonable conclusion can they make about the content?

The content is credible

The content is sensationalized

The content is objective

The content is scholarly

Question 18: Why do critical thinkers monitor their own biases?

To minimize bias and make more rational decisions

To always prove others wrong

To avoid making any mistakes in reasoning

To ensure their arguments are popular

Question 19: If a person believes that magicians can pull rabbits out of hats, so magic is real, what kind of argument structure is being used?

Independent support

Conjoint support

Fallacious support

Ad hominem support

Question 20: A company decides to restructure to address declining employee morale. Which change management model would be most appropriate?

Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model

Lewin’s Change Management Model

ADKAR Model

McKinsey 7-S Model

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