D278 Scripting and Programming Foundations - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: A sequence of statements executed under a certain condition

A branch is a sequence of statements in a program that only executes when a specific condition is met, typically within an "if" or "else" block.

Correct Answer: A choice between two branches based on a condition

In a flowchart, a decision creates two branches, where one branch executes if the condition is true and the other if it is false.

Correct Answer: A decision structure where one branch executes if the condition is true and the other if false

An if-else branch allows a program to choose between two paths depending on whether the condition evaluates to true or false.

Correct Answer: ==

The equality operator (==) checks if two values are the same.

Correct Answer: A symbol that relates two values, such as being greater than or less than

Relational operators compare two values to determine their relationship, such as greater than, less than, or equal to.

Correct Answer: It returns true when both operands are true

The logical AND operator (&&) evaluates to true only if both operands are true.

Correct Answer: Returns true if at least one operand is true

The logical OR operator (||) returns true if either one or both operands are true.

Correct Answer: It switches a true value to false, and vice versa

The logical NOT operator (!) inverts the boolean value, turning true into false and false into true.

Correct Answer: A series of actions performed in a set order

A decision sequence is a series of conditional actions that follow one another in a predefined order.

Correct Answer: To compare boolean values and evaluate to true or false

Logical operators (like AND, OR, and NOT) are used to evaluate boolean expressions and return true or false.

Correct Answer: The loop executes until the condition is false

A while loop repeatedly executes the loop body as long as the condition remains true.

Correct Answer: A special value that indicates the end of a list

A sentinel value is used in loops to mark the end of input or a sequence, signaling the loop to stop.

Correct Answer: To iterate a fixed number of times

A 'for' loop is used when the number of iterations is known beforehand, making it ideal for iterating over arrays or counting.

Correct Answer: A loop inside another loop

Nested loops are loops placed inside the body of another loop, where the inner loop executes completely during each iteration of the outer loop.

Correct Answer: A loop that guarantees at least one execution of its body

A do-while loop executes its body at least once, then checks the condition to determine if further iterations are needed.

Correct Answer: A way to create multiple if-else branches

A switch statement evaluates an expression and executes code based on different possible values of that expression, similar to multiple if-else branches.

Correct Answer: To detect ranges, with only one branch executing

If-elseif branches allow a program to test multiple conditions, but only the first true condition's branch is executed.

Correct Answer: A symbol that checks if two values are equal or not equal

Equality operators (== and !=) compare two values to check if they are the same or different.

Correct Answer: An automatic conversion of one data type to another

Implicit conversion occurs automatically when one data type is converted to another, such as from integer to float, without explicit instruction from the programmer.

Correct Answer: The execution of a function's statements by invoking its name

A function call is when a program invokes a function to execute its defined statements.