D322 Introduction to IT - Set 2 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Risk Transference

Risk transference involves shifting the risk to a third party, usually through insurance or outsourcing. The risk itself does not go away, but the responsibility to manage it is passed to another party.

Correct Answer: Flat File Database

Flat file databases store data in a simple, one-dimensional format, usually as plain text files, and are often used for smaller or simpler data sets.

Correct Answer: Arithmetic Logic Unit

The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) in a CPU is responsible for performing mathematical calculations and logical comparisons.

Correct Answer: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is the suite of communication protocols used for transmitting data over the internet.

Correct Answer: Hierarchical Database

A hierarchical database organizes data into a tree structure, with each record having a parent-child relationship.

Correct Answer: Shareware

Shareware provides users with a trial version and requires a purchase or subscription to access the full functionality of the software.

Correct Answer: Incremental Backup

Incremental backups only capture the data that has changed since the last backup, regardless of whether it was a full or differential backup.

Correct Answer: To determine user requirements

During the analysis phase of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC), the focus is on understanding user needs and requirements for the new system.

Correct Answer: ROM

ROM (Read-Only Memory) is non-volatile memory that retains its content even when the computer is turned off, unlike volatile memory like RAM.

Correct Answer: Bus

In a bus topology, all devices are connected along a single cable, which serves as the communication backbone.

Correct Answer: Retrieve data from a database

The SELECT command in SQL is used to query and retrieve data from one or more tables in a database.

Correct Answer: Fetch instructions and direct operations

The control unit retrieves instructions from memory and directs the operation of the CPU, telling other components how to process data.

Correct Answer: Asymmetric Key Encryption

Asymmetric key encryption uses two keys—a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption—ensuring that only the recipient can decrypt the message.

Correct Answer: Differential Backup

A differential backup captures all changes made since the last full backup, taking less time than a full backup but more than an incremental backup.

Correct Answer: Provide an interface between hardware and the operating system

Device drivers are programs that allow the operating system to communicate with hardware devices, translating OS commands into hardware-specific instructions.

Correct Answer: It is free to use, and the source code can be modified

Open-source software is free to use, and users are allowed to modify and distribute the source code.

Correct Answer: RAM

RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile, meaning its contents are lost when the power is turned off.

Correct Answer: Manage and configure databases

A database administrator (DBa) is responsible for maintaining, configuring, and securing databases within an organization.

Correct Answer: Translates source code into machine code all at once

A compiler translates the entire source code into machine code before execution, unlike an interpreter which translates code line-by-line.

Correct Answer: Incremental Backup

To restore from an incremental backup, you need both the full backup and all subsequent incremental backups.