D332 Penetration Testing and Vulnerability Analysis - Set 2 - Part 1

Test your knowledge of technical writing concepts with these practice questions. Each question includes detailed explanations to help you understand the correct answers.

Question 1: What is the definition of "Risk" in a security context?

Risk = Vulnerability x Control

Risk = Vulnerability / Threat

Risk = Threat x Vulnerability

Risk = Control / Exposure

Question 2: Describe unified threat management (UTM):

A strategy to prevent phishing attacks

A combination of all security functions like firewalls, malware scanning, and IDS/IPS

A firewall-only configuration

A method to manage social engineering risks

Question 3: What is OWASP?

A vulnerability assessment tool

An international standards body for cybersecurity

A framework for web application security testing

A malware database

Question 4: What is NIST?

National Institute of Standards and Technology

National Institute of Software Testing

Network Intrusion Security Testing

New Information Security Tactics

Question 5: What is NIST SP 800-115?

A framework for testing encryption algorithms

A standard for managing firewalls

A guide to information security testing and assessment

A vulnerability management tool

Question 6: What is OSSTMM?

Open-source Security Testing Methodology Manual

Operational System Security Testing Method

Open-Source Systems Technology Manual

Official System Security Test Methodology

Question 7: What is ISSAF?

Internet Security Standards and Framework

Information Systems Security Assessment Framework

Internal Security Software and Framework

Infrastructure Security Standards and Assessment

Question 8: What does PTES stand for?

Personal Threat and Exploit System

Penetration Testing Execution Standard

Physical Threat Evaluation Strategy

Personal Testing for Enterprise Security

Question 9: Explain the role of MITRE ATT&CK:

A testing framework for antivirus systems

A comprehensive repository of adversary tactics, techniques, and procedures

A guide for cryptographic algorithms

A vulnerability scanner

Question 10: What is CVSS?

Common Vulnerability Scoring System

Certified Vulnerability Scanning Software

Centralized Vulnerability System Scanning

Cloud Vulnerability and Security System

Question 11: What is CVE?

Common Vulnerabilities and Exploits

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures

Certified Vulnerability Engine

Centralized Vulnerability Exchange

Question 12: Explain CWE:

Common Web Exploits

Common Weakness Enumeration

Certified Web Enumeration

Cyber Weakness Engine

Question 13: What is a critical consideration when PenTesting web applications?

The use of cloud services

Testing every form or page interaction

Focus only on external assets

Skipping any use of APIs

Question 14: What are examples of assets when determining the test scope?

APIs, IP addresses, and domains

Only firewalls and IDS/IPS systems

User manuals and internal policy documents

External data logs

Question 15: Explain the difference between internal and external assets:

Internal assets are accessible over the internet, while external assets are only internal

External assets are managed locally, and internal assets are hosted on third-party systems

Internal assets are accessed from within the organization, and external assets are accessible from outside

External assets cannot be tested during PenTests

Question 16: What is the difference between first-party and third-party hosted assets?

First-party assets are physical, while third-party assets are virtual

First-party assets are hosted by the client, and third-party assets are hosted by a vendor or partner

First-party assets are encrypted, while third-party assets are not

Third-party assets are only accessible via API

Question 17: What kind of questions should the PenTest team ask stakeholders?

Open-ended questions to clarify the methods used

Closed questions about previous tests

Only technical questions about server configuration

Questions about social media policies

Question 18: What are compliance-based assessments?

Tests focused on meeting specific legal or regulatory requirements

PenTests that avoid physical security tests

Assessments done only for financial institutions

Testing completed without reporting

Question 19: Describe red team/blue team-based assessments:

A team of consultants conducting an assessment

An internal IT team performing the test

Red team simulates an attacker, while the blue team defends the organization

An assessment using only automated tools

Question 20: What are goals-based assessments?

Tests with defined objectives like verifying the security of a specific system

Tests performed without any clear goals

Assessments focused only on policy compliance

Automated vulnerability scans without human involvement

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