D469 Quality, Continuous Improvement, and Lean Six Sigma - Set 3 - Part 1

Correct Answer: To create a strategy for process improvement

In the "Plan" phase of PDSA, the team creates a plan to address process improvement, identifying what changes need to be tested.

Correct Answer: The ability of a process to meet its specification limits

Process Capability (Cp) measures how well a process can meet its design specifications relative to its natural variability.

Correct Answer: Sustain the improvements made in the process

The Control phase ensures that improvements are maintained and prevents the process from reverting to its previous state.

Correct Answer: Value Stream Map

A Value Stream Map is used to visualize the entire workflow, identifying inefficiencies, waste, and areas for improvement.

Correct Answer: Defects Per Million Opportunities

DPMO stands for Defects Per Million Opportunities, which is a measure of the number of defects in a process per one million opportunities.

Correct Answer: Beta Error

A Beta Error occurs when the process mean shifts, but the sample mean falls within the control limits, leading to the false assumption that the process is in control.

Correct Answer: Cost of Poor Quality

COPQ represents the costs that arise when a product or service fails to meet quality standards, including internal and external failure costs.

Correct Answer: Pareto Chart

A Pareto Chart is used to display the frequency of defects or problems in categories, helping to prioritize the most critical issues.

Correct Answer: To make small, continuous improvements to the process

Kaizen focuses on making small, continuous improvements to enhance process efficiency and reduce waste.

Correct Answer: Overproduction

Overproduction, one of the seven types of waste in Lean, refers to producing more than is needed, leading to unnecessary costs and inefficiencies.

Correct Answer: All data points are within the control limits

A process is considered "in control" when all data points remain within the Upper Control Limit (UCL) and Lower Control Limit (LCL), indicating that variation is due to common causes.

Correct Answer: Control production speed to match customer demand

Takt Time refers to the rate at which a product needs to be completed to meet customer demand, ensuring that production aligns with the required pace.

Correct Answer: Scatter Diagram

A Scatter Diagram helps visualize the relationship between two variables, often used to determine if there is a correlation.

Correct Answer: The needs and expectations of the customer

VOC represents the needs, preferences, and expectations of the customer, which guide the quality and performance standards of a process.

Correct Answer: Control process variation

SPC uses statistical methods to monitor and control process variation, ensuring consistent and high-quality output.

Correct Answer: A method for organizing and maintaining a clean workplace

5S is a workplace organization method that stands for Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardize, and Sustain, focusing on efficiency and cleanliness.

Correct Answer: Process Capability Index

Cpk (Process Capability Index) measures how close a process is running to its specification limits, indicating whether the process is capable of producing within the desired range.

Correct Answer: To track process performance over time and monitor variation

A Control Chart helps monitor process performance and variation over time, ensuring the process remains within the control limits.

Correct Answer: A method for preventing human errors

Poka-Yoke refers to mistake-proofing techniques designed to prevent errors or defects from occurring during the process.

Correct Answer: Predict potential failures and their effects before they occur

FMEA is a proactive tool used to identify potential failure modes in a process and assess their effects to prevent problems from arising.